(Very) useful stuff about surveys
If you are involved in commissioning or putting together surveys them you can find some useful info over on Ben Healey’s blog including:
- his free guide to online surveys
- a very informative piece on why some internet surveys are a bit like your Mother
- an incredibly useful font set for creating those response boxes in paper questionnaires (an absolute lifesaver!)
I did one of Ben’s papers at Massey University last year, before he escaped out into the real world (which was very bad luck for Massey marketing students IMHO!
).

The Futurist: The Dawn of the Postliterate Age
The Futurist: The Dawn of the Postliterate Age
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Surveys: Getting better return rates through incentives
One of the great things about working at a university library is you can get to along to lunchtime lectures on Wednesdays to hear academics talking about their research. The Dept of Communication, Journalism and Marketing here at the Turitea campus of Massey University has been running an excellent series of talks this year. This week Dr Mike Brennan spoke about “Doing research on the cheap”.
Mike spoke about using surveys to conduct experimental studies on how to improve return rates (this was for mail surveys). One of the key ways to improve return rates is to use an incentive, but what works best? As part of this experiment surveys had 20 cents, 50 cents, or $1 attached to them, or a chance to go into the draw for $200 or a $200 voucher, and there was a control with no incentive.
Return rates are improved by providing the incentive with the survey, rather than the promise of a prize draw or voucher. Turns out the 50 cent incentive got the best return from the first mail out in this experiment:
|
Mail 1 |
Mail 2 |
Mail 3 |
|
| Control |
24.7 |
46.6 |
57.5 |
| 20c mailout 1 |
27.1 |
43.5 |
54.1 |
| 50c mailout 1 |
46.0 |
66.7 |
74.7 |
| $1 mailout 1 |
42.3 |
59.2 |
69.0 |
| 20c mailout 2 |
28.9 |
51.8 |
63.9 |
| 50c mailout 2 |
15.7 |
39.8 |
54.2 |
| $1 mailout 2 |
23.5 |
51.9 |
69.1 |
| $200 prize draw |
25.6 |
43.6 |
57.7 |
| $200 voucher |
18.3 |
46.3 |
61.0 |
(NB We didn’t get a date that this research was done. Many thanks to my colleague Jane Brooker for noting the figures for this table.)
Obviously a small cash incentive is not true compensation for someone’s time, so wording such as “please accept this as a token of our appreciation” in the covering letter works well.
These days NZ Post doesn’t allow cash to be sent through the mail. Intrepid researchers have tried alternatives to cash in postal surveys. These include:
- Pens
- Tea bags, coffee bags, or both
- Scratch and win cards
- Stamps
- Golf balls (!)
- Turkeys (presumably vouchers for them!)
Gold foil wrapped chocolate coins have also been tried, but a better option is the chocolate squares from Whittakers. Judging by the murmurs of approval from the audience this is likely to be a great incentive!
The other important thing is not to use just one mail out, but to send a reminder or another copy of the questionnaire in subsequent mailouts. As the table above shows this will increase response rates. Various combinations have been trialled and the 3 stage combo of questionnaire with chocolate/replacement questionnaire/follow up letter was mentioned as being successful.
Other external treatments have also been researched – these include using stamped v franked envelopes, brown v white envelopes, tone of the cover letter, status of the researcher (professor v student), colour of the questionnaire. Mike’s profile page details the research he and colleagues have published in this area.
PS – I see there was a session at the recent LIANZA conference on designing effective surveys by Rachel Esson from Victoria University of Wellington, so that’s one conference paper I’ll be looking out for.
Wonderful world of blogs …
… or how am I going to keep up! So many interesting things to read, so little time …
Courtesy of the M Word a blog post on ACRL wanting a researcher to review the literature on the value of academic libraries with a view to providing ”ACRL members with tools and strategies to demonstrate the value of academic libraries to their institutional leadership”. So this is very much along the lines of the emerging theme of measuring the impact of what we do- as reported by my colleague Heather in her LIANZA conference blog. “Value” is an interesting concept, I have been talking about it lately but more in terms of building it into our promotional messages. Value in terms of ROI (return on investment) is another concept that libraries are starting to look at.
And also thanks to the M Word, I’ve discovered another blog called In The Library With The Lead Pipe Great looking blog, substantial posts, reference lists and lots of comments! Three very interesting posts for starters:
Stepping on Toes: The Delicate Art of Talking to Faculty about Questionable Assignments
Marketing trends to watch – from Alison Circle
More words of marketing wisdom from Alison – you can read the full post, and I have posted some highlights here, along with a few of my thoughts
This is a very good point for starters:
One bad habit in Libraryland is that too often we look exclusively at libraries for ideas and trends. For example, when redesigning web sites, we look at other libraries, not trendsetting retailers or innovative nonprofits. We’re guilty of a little too much me-too-ism. As a marketing professional, I see trends everywhere, ideas ripe for libraries to pluck and make their own in order to demonstrate that we are still here and better than ever.
Trends followed by Alison in no particular order:
1. Twitter - allows you to speak directly to customers, run instant polling and build loyalty
I didn’t “get” Twitter for ages until I changed my focus on who I was following and thought more about the identity I wanted to portray. I’m a Business Librarian and I’m now following a range of businesses, business news and business info vendors, along with fellow librarians and few fun things. I’m retweeting things I see that might be of value to my followers. I can certainly see how libraries could fit into the Twitter picture. There are disadvantages – tweets can get lost in a continuous stream of updates for instance. But on the other hand its a very easy channel to use to publicise blog posting and news items, so why not get on board.
2. Value. Value. Value
It isn’t hard to figure out your value. Conduct this exercise. Think about where you fit in each of the three circles … [important to audience - you are good at it - no one else is doing it]. Where they intersect is your value proposition. Tell people this story over and over. Then over again. You’ll get tired of it long before it penetrates public consciousness.
Ah yes value. I think we need to be smarter at demonstrating this to our customers. I work in an academic library and I think we need to make it more obvious how our resources can deliver value to students. Don’t just link to “library resources” in an online learning environment but be blatant – “how to find the 5 articles you need for your essay”
3. Online reputation management
In today’s world, organizations must spend as much effort managing their online brands as they do the physical one. Without diligence, the online brand may fall out of sync with your offline marketing messages. User-generated content, blogs, and online forums all mean that the flow of information and messages about an organization is no longer controllable.
4. Video marketing
Today, advertising is flipped on its head—and can be had for a completely different cost equation. For example, take the story of YouTube sensation Lauren Luke, a self-styled makeup maven. She started selling cosmetics on eBay and soon was putting up videos on YouTube that she modestly taped from her bedroom. Her videos have logged more than 50 million views, and her YouTube channel has 250,000 subscribers. She never paid for a single ad.
Further evidence for this one today - “Forget the 30-second television advertisement, the Internet is where it’s at”, says Air NZ (via bernardchickey on Twitter)
5. Value-added content
A modest way for libraries to do this is to add an “If You Like” enhancement to the catalog, similar to what Amazon does. This pushes circulation and provides a core value enhancement for customers. Seattle Public Library offers searchers a “similar titles” feature as well as tags. Most of us, however, are still using the online catalog like a bookshelf.
6. Mobile marketing
Mobile marketing, or marketing through a mobile channel, is one of the first new channels to arise in over 50 years and is quickly becoming a primary way to reach customers. Phones are now the one-stop shop for communication, digital services, email, photos, and navigation. Libraries can embrace this channel and quickly. At a minimum, web sites should be easy to navigate in a mobile browser. Provide the option to receive notices via phone (even my dentist does that) and develop specific apps to enhance your presence on customer devices.
7. The art of being real
You’ll also hear this referred to as the trust economy. Libraries have this in spades. In fact, I can think of few others that have us beat. We have so many stories to tell about ourselves: successful job seekers, kids using Homework Help Centers to improve grades, childhood literacy through Ready To Read. We could own the trust economy and should be shouting those stories from the rooftops.
8. A deeper shade of green
Some libraries are doing more to demonstrate their green commitment. Worthington Libraries, OH, for example, selected a green theme for its Teen Summer Reading Club in order to address this hot topic for teens.
I’m not so convinced on this one – so many businesses/institutions are trumpeting this then unless you have really got something to brag about – like an eco-designed library building – promoting green initiatives may not have an impact?
9. Death of email
This is a subset of mobile marketing, but it is more specific because it deals only with the texting capability of phones. A consortium of international libraries has introduced My Info Quest (myinfoquest.info), a text-messaging service that provides live reference services for the public. Users get the answer they need from a worldwide network of professionals, but it feels and sounds just like their local library. They never know the difference! Fifty U.S. libraries are participating in this free, librarian-vetted version of ChaCha (a free service that you can call/text from any cell phone for answers to any and all questions), which is nipping at the heels of reference librarians.
10. Micromarketing
Libraries believe this approach can’t be for us, because we are open to all and serve everyone. But reduced budgets and a clamoring marketplace mean we can no longer be the same thing for all people … The trick is not to lose control over your overall brand while appealing to target audiences.
11. Value of Design
Libraries, in contrast, tend to focus on individual expression, allowing staff to execute the brand however it wants. Instead, standardize your library’s brand through use of templates, consistent color palette and fonts, and development of (and adherence to) a brand book. We need to move beyond what is fun for our staff toward what is best for our brand.
12. Speed
Conduct a thorough evaluation from the customer’s point of view to determine how service delivery can be streamlined and made easy for them. If people have to work at it, they’ll walk away. Early on in my library career, a senior manager was proud that our library had “taught our customers well” how to follow our protocols. This kind of thinking just doesn’t fly anymore.
13. Emotional connection
Marketing today is all about making an emotional connection that establishes relevance to customers. Libraries want to be all about content. But now that content is everywhere (including contradictory dates for Queen Nefertiti’s birthday), libraries—almost better than anything else—need to and can cement that emotional and personal connection … When we focus on our collections, electronic databases, or—heaven forbid—library FAQs, without first establishing an emotional connection, I worry about the future relevance of our great institutions.
We really need to concentrate on this to build our point of difference between other information providers such as Google, Amazon etc.
New ad for Massey University
Here’s the new ad for Massey University – what do you think of it?
I’m asking the same question on my Facebook and Twitter pages, and I will post the responses here. I am curious to see what people think of the ad, and also to see what sort of responses I get through those channels.
Fundraising for the Pacific
via NZ-Libs this morning
Talofa lava
My sincerest condolences to members of our community who have lost loved ones in the recent earthquake and tsunami in Samoa and Tonga.
At the Manawatu campus library of Massey University we are holding a special fundraising morning tea in our staffroom where library staff will be donating baked good and other members of staff a gold coin donation as an attempt to raise money for the aid that is required in Samoa and Tonga.
We have recently had similar fundraising efforts for Save the Children Fund (where we raised $170) and the Cupcake Week appeal for the SPCA (where we raised $300+). Money that we raise will go to the Red Cross.
This is quite a simple, but yet quite effective fundraiser and we (Massey University Library staff) would like to challenge other libraries around New Zealand to do something similar.
Fa’afetai tele
Spencer
Spencer Lilley
Kaihautū Māori / Māori Services Manager
Massey University Library – Te Putanga ki te Ao Mātauranga Private Bag 11054
Palmerston North